Identifies--all

Marco Polo: An italian who was an adventurer and merchant from Venice. He spent twenty years traveling through China and central Asia.



The Columbian Exchange: The exchange of goods across the Atlantic Ocean. Different foods got introduced to new parts of the world. European nations gained wealth and power off of the Americans metal and other resources. Agriculture products from the Americans improved nutrition around the world. The Columbian Exchange was very important and transformed the world.



Hernando Cortez: Also known as Hernan Cortes was a professional soldier in Spain. He gathered troops and fought Indians on the Mexican coast in 1519. He was a conquistador whcih means a spanish conqueror. He conquered the Aztecs and controlled all of central Mexico.



Pueblo Revolt in 1680: When the Pueblo Indians got fed up with Spanish demands and taxes they drove the Spanish out of Sante Fe and then had a series of attacks on them.



Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494: Spain and Portugal drew a "line" that separated the world. Territory that was explored west of the line would belong to Spain and east of the line would belong to Portugal.


African Diaspora during the 1500's through 1800's: Portugal’s result in major economic activity from slave trade and they were resettled to the Americans. It is estimated that 10 million or more Africans were shipped to the Americas.



Magna Carta: A charter the English nobles made Kings John limiting the power of the monarch.



Anasizi; between 800 and 1100 A.D: A Native American group who began to make multistory rock and adobe dwellings. They are the ancestors of the Pueblo Indians.



Mestizos: They are below the Spaniards in the Spanish America social class. They could work at the highest positions in the Spanish society but were msotly artisans, estate supervisors, traders or shopkeepers.



Tenochtitlan: Located on an island in Lake Texcoco. Founded 1325 and was defeated in 1521



Ibn Battuta: Moroccan traveler. He covered 75,000 miles of the Muslim world in the 1300's.



Zheng He: Chinese mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral. Early 1400's.



Spanish Inquisition in 1478: Was established to maintain Catholic orthodoxy in the Kingdom under control of the Spanish Monarchy.



Tomas de Torquemada 1400's: Spanish Dominican, first inquisitor general of Spain. He was a confessor to Isabella of Spain.



John Cabot: 1497- seafarer, saild along the coasts of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and New England.



Giovanni Verranzano: 1524 Claimed the Americas for the french, however failed at it the first attempt.



Jacques Cartier: 1534 explored the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the St. Lawrence River and Canada.



Jamestown, 1607: First settlers "fair meddowes, and goodly tall trees, with fresh waters running through the woods.



Wahunsonacook: Skilied in agriculture and fishing, leaders over the Powhatans.



Powhatan: Local Indians- large confederation of some 30 small tribes under the leadership of the Wahunsonacook.



Ferdinand Magellan: Portuguese manner sponsered by the Spanish Crown, explored the land west of the line of Demarcation.



John Rolfe: 1614 English protestants who wished to "purify" the Angelican church of all Catholic rituals and traditions.



Mayflower Compact: established a self-governing colony based on the majority rule of male church members.



The Great Migration: 1630 some 60,000 people left England for the America's 10,000-20,000 settled in Mass.



Toleration Acts: 1649 Maryland colonial law, that garunteed religious freedom to all Christians.



Bacons Rebellion: 1676 uprising by Virginia settlers, disgruntled over taxes and land, that includes attacking Indians, looting wealthy plantations and burning Jamestown.



Mercantilism: Economic Policy based on the view that a nation's power depended on maintaining a favorable balance of trade exporting > importating.



Navigation Acts: Series of laws designed to increase English merchants profits' by limiting direct trade between English colonies and other European nations.

Iroquois League: Confederation of Indian tribes formed in the 15th century and 16th century: allso called the 6th nation